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音頻科普：為太陽能板找到更多安置點
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音頻科普：為太陽能板找到更多安置點
?Siting solar panels over rooftops, parking lots, reservoirs and contaminated land could generate heaps of energy—with minimal effects on agriculture or the environment. Christopher Intagliata reports.在屋頂、停車場、水庫和被污染的土地上安裝太陽能電池板可以在產(chǎn)生大量能源的同時，對農(nóng)業(yè)或環(huán)境產(chǎn)生最小的影響。克里斯托弗·因塔利亞塔報道。
撰文\播音：克里斯托弗·因塔利亞塔（Christopher Intagliata）
翻譯：邱燕寧
審校：郭曉
Solar companies are obviously in the business of building?solar energy farms. But here's another way the solar developers are spending their money: to protect and relocate desert tortoises?from?their sunny desert solar farms—to the tune of?at least 60 million dollars.
太陽能公司的工作顯然是建造太陽能農(nóng)場。但太陽能開發(fā)商正在投資另一項工程：保護沙漠陸龜，并將它們從陽光充足的沙漠太陽能農(nóng)場遷出，這需要花費至少6000萬美元。
"It's an incredible amount of money to do something that is not necessary." Not necessary to the generation of solar energy, that is, says Rebecca Hernandez. Because why not just put your panels elsewhere?
“這是在花一筆難以置信的巨額資金做一些不必要的事情。”Rebecca Hernandez表示，上述行為對產(chǎn)生太陽能并不必要。因為，為什么不把太陽能板放置到其他地方呢?
Hernandez, an earth system scientist and ecologist at U.C. Davis, says the alternatives to developing on wild lands are many: put photovoltaic panels over rooftops or parking lots; atop salty or contaminated land, unsuitable for farming;?or why not install?floatovoltaics? "A floatovoltaic is a photovoltaic installation that is placed on pontoons that float on the water."
Hernandez是加州大學(xué)戴維斯分校的地球系統(tǒng)科學(xué)家和生態(tài)學(xué)家。她表示，開發(fā)利用荒地的替代方案有很多：把光伏板放在屋頂或停車場上；放在不適合耕種的鹽堿地或者受污染的土地上；或者為什么不安裝漂浮的太陽能系統(tǒng)呢？“漂浮的太陽能系統(tǒng)是一種放置在浮橋上的光伏裝置，而浮橋浮于水面上。”
She and her colleagues identified one and a half million football fields'?worth of surface area on those types of alternative sites in California's Central Valley alone. With a combined energy generation potential of?4,300 terawatt-hours per year using the solar panels available on the market today, that's enough to power the entire United States.*
僅在加州中央谷（California's Central Valley）的那些可選地中，她和她的同事們就發(fā)現(xiàn)了相當于150萬個足球場那么大的可使用面積。利用目前市場上使用的太陽能電池板，（這塊場地）每年發(fā)電潛力為4300太瓦時（4.3×1012kW·h），這足以為整個美國供電。
"This paper isn't to say that we think that all energy should be derived from solar energy. Obviously a diverse portfolio of energy sources helps to provide resilience to our energy systems. But really our study demonstrates that we have a lot of untapped potential out there."
“這篇論文并不是說我們認為所有的能量都應(yīng)該來自太陽能。顯然，多樣化的能源組合有助于為我們的能源系統(tǒng)提供彈性。但我們的研究表明，在開發(fā)能源系統(tǒng)上，我們有很多潛力。”
The report is in the journal?Environmental Science and Technology. [Madison K. Hoffacker, Michael F. Allen?and Rebecca R. Hernandez,?Land-Sparing Opportunities for Solar Energy Development in Agricultural Landscapes: A Case Study of the Great Central Valley, CA, United States]
該研究結(jié)果發(fā)表在《環(huán)境科學(xué)與技術(shù)》（Environmental Science and Technology）雜志上。
Cases exist where it might be too expensive?or too technically complicated to develop on these alternative sites. But if developers take a cue from Hernandez, perhaps the future of solar will be truly sustainable.
有些備選站點上的太陽能開發(fā)可能過于昂貴或者技術(shù)上過于復(fù)雜。但如果開發(fā)商能從Hernandez那里得到啟示，或許未來的太陽能將是真正可持續(xù)發(fā)展的。
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?Siting solar panels over rooftops, parking lots, reservoirs and contaminated land could generate heaps of energy—with minimal effects on agriculture or the environment. Christopher Intagliata reports.在屋頂、停車場、水庫和被污染的土地上安裝太陽能電池板可以在產(chǎn)生大量能源的同時，對農(nóng)業(yè)或環(huán)境產(chǎn)生最小的影響。克里斯托弗·因塔利亞塔報道。
撰文\播音：克里斯托弗·因塔利亞塔（Christopher Intagliata）
翻譯：邱燕寧
審校：郭曉
Solar companies are obviously in the business of building?solar energy farms. But here's another way the solar developers are spending their money: to protect and relocate desert tortoises?from?their sunny desert solar farms—to the tune of?at least 60 million dollars.
太陽能公司的工作顯然是建造太陽能農(nóng)場。但太陽能開發(fā)商正在投資另一項工程：保護沙漠陸龜，并將它們從陽光充足的沙漠太陽能農(nóng)場遷出，這需要花費至少6000萬美元。
"It's an incredible amount of money to do something that is not necessary." Not necessary to the generation of solar energy, that is, says Rebecca Hernandez. Because why not just put your panels elsewhere?
“這是在花一筆難以置信的巨額資金做一些不必要的事情。”Rebecca Hernandez表示，上述行為對產(chǎn)生太陽能并不必要。因為，為什么不把太陽能板放置到其他地方呢?
Hernandez, an earth system scientist and ecologist at U.C. Davis, says the alternatives to developing on wild lands are many: put photovoltaic panels over rooftops or parking lots; atop salty or contaminated land, unsuitable for farming;?or why not install?floatovoltaics? "A floatovoltaic is a photovoltaic installation that is placed on pontoons that float on the water."
Hernandez是加州大學(xué)戴維斯分校的地球系統(tǒng)科學(xué)家和生態(tài)學(xué)家。她表示，開發(fā)利用荒地的替代方案有很多：把光伏板放在屋頂或停車場上；放在不適合耕種的鹽堿地或者受污染的土地上；或者為什么不安裝漂浮的太陽能系統(tǒng)呢？“漂浮的太陽能系統(tǒng)是一種放置在浮橋上的光伏裝置，而浮橋浮于水面上。”
She and her colleagues identified one and a half million football fields'?worth of surface area on those types of alternative sites in California's Central Valley alone. With a combined energy generation potential of?4,300 terawatt-hours per year using the solar panels available on the market today, that's enough to power the entire United States.*
僅在加州中央谷（California's Central Valley）的那些可選地中，她和她的同事們就發(fā)現(xiàn)了相當于150萬個足球場那么大的可使用面積。利用目前市場上使用的太陽能電池板，（這塊場地）每年發(fā)電潛力為4300太瓦時（4.3×1012kW·h），這足以為整個美國供電。
"This paper isn't to say that we think that all energy should be derived from solar energy. Obviously a diverse portfolio of energy sources helps to provide resilience to our energy systems. But really our study demonstrates that we have a lot of untapped potential out there."
“這篇論文并不是說我們認為所有的能量都應(yīng)該來自太陽能。顯然，多樣化的能源組合有助于為我們的能源系統(tǒng)提供彈性。但我們的研究表明，在開發(fā)能源系統(tǒng)上，我們有很多潛力。”
The report is in the journal?Environmental Science and Technology. [Madison K. Hoffacker, Michael F. Allen?and Rebecca R. Hernandez,?Land-Sparing Opportunities for Solar Energy Development in Agricultural Landscapes: A Case Study of the Great Central Valley, CA, United States]
該研究結(jié)果發(fā)表在《環(huán)境科學(xué)與技術(shù)》（Environmental Science and Technology）雜志上。
Cases exist where it might be too expensive?or too technically complicated to develop on these alternative sites. But if developers take a cue from Hernandez, perhaps the future of solar will be truly sustainable.
有些備選站點上的太陽能開發(fā)可能過于昂貴或者技術(shù)上過于復(fù)雜。但如果開發(fā)商能從Hernandez那里得到啟示，或許未來的太陽能將是真正可持續(xù)發(fā)展的。
關(guān)注【深圳科普】微信公眾號，在對話框：
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回復(fù)【觀鳥知識】，學(xué)習(xí)觀鳥相關(guān)科普知識
回復(fù)【博物學(xué)院】，了解更多博物學(xué)院活動詳情
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